Who should be screened for syphilis infection?

The recommendation to screen all pregnant women for syphilis stems from the significant risks associated with untreated syphilis during pregnancy, including congenital syphilis, which can lead to serious health issues for the newborn. In addition to pregnant women, individuals at increased risk, such as those with multiple sexual partners, individuals with a history of sexually transmitted infections, and those in certain high-prevalence populations, should also be screened. This dual approach aims to reduce the prevalence of syphilis and ensure early detection and treatment, effectively preventing complications.

Screening all sexually active individuals, while it may seem comprehensive, does not take into account the targeted and evidence-based approach recommended by health authorities. Not every sexually active individual may have the same risk level for syphilis, hence the recommendation focuses on high-risk populations and pregnant women. Similarly, stating that there is no recommendation for screening overlooks the established guidelines intended to protect both maternal and fetal health.