Which of the following neonatal risks is associated with vacuum-assisted delivery?

Vacuum-assisted delivery can lead to facial nerve injury in the neonate due to the pressure and traction applied during the procedure. This type of injury typically occurs when the vacuum cup is applied near the facial area, particularly at the parietal region of the head, which can inadvertently affect the branches of the facial nerve. The delivery method can cause bruising and swelling, potentially leading to transient facial nerve palsy known as "Vacuum Extraction Injury."

Facial nerve injury may sometimes resolve on its own, but it emphasizes the need for careful application of vacuum extraction techniques to minimize risks to the newborn. It's important to monitor the baby afterward for signs of injury, as early identification can lead to appropriate management and reassurance for the parents.

While other risks are associated with different delivery methods or situations, they are not directly linked to vacuum-assisted delivery in the same manner as facial nerve injury. For example, umbilical cord prolapse is more related to the position of the fetus and can occur with any delivery method in certain circumstances, while meconium aspiration syndrome is connected to the presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid rather than the delivery technique itself. Intrauterine growth restriction pertains to fetal development issues before labor rather than the