Which AZF deletion is associated with azoospermia and involves a testicular biopsy?

The correct choice is associated with deletions on the Y chromosome that impact spermatogenesis, specifically the AZF a region. This deletion is known to lead to azoospermia, which is a condition characterized by the absence of sperm in the ejaculate.

In cases of AZF a deletion, testicular biopsy is often performed to evaluate the presence of sperm cells. The analysis of the biopsy can reveal whether spermatogenesis is occurring, despite the absence of sperm in the ejaculate. If the testicular tissue shows evidence of spermatogenesis—even if sperm is not found in the semen—it can sometimes allow for the possibility of sperm retrieval for assisted reproductive technologies.

The understanding of such genetic causes for azoospermia is crucial for male fertility evaluations, as not all forms of azoospermia are identical in their etiology or treatment approach. Distinguishing AZF a deletions and their implications on testicular function can guide appropriate management and counseling for affected individuals.

In contrast, deletions associated with AZF b and AZF c may have different manifestations or effects on sperm production and fertility, which is why they are not primarily linked with the need for testicular biopsies in the same context as AZF a deletions.