What should be included in the workup for abnormal oligospermia?

In the evaluation of abnormal oligospermia, a comprehensive workup is essential for identifying potential underlying causes that may affect male fertility. Including all the mentioned components in the workup allows for a thorough assessment.

Testing LH (luteinizing hormone) and PRL (prolactin) levels helps to evaluate possible hormonal imbalances that can impact sperm production. Elevated prolactin levels may indicate conditions such as prolactinoma or other causes of hyperprolactinemia, which can lead to oligospermia.

The measurement of FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) and testosterone levels is vital as well. FSH is critical for spermatogenesis, and abnormal levels can indicate testicular dysfunction. Testosterone levels are also important because low testosterone can lead to decreased libido and oligospermia.

Additionally, genetic testing and karyotyping are important as they can identify chromosomal abnormalities or genetic disorders that may contribute to oligospermia. Conditions such as Klinefelter syndrome, Y-chromosome microdeletions, or other genetic anomalies can directly impact spermatogenesis.

By including all these tests in the evaluation, healthcare providers can establish a more accurate diagnosis and guide appropriate treatment options, making it