What is meant by "pop-offs" in the context of vacuum-assisted delivery?

In the context of vacuum-assisted delivery, "pop-offs" refer specifically to the failure to maintain suction on the fetal head while using a vacuum extractor. This phenomenon occurs when the vacuum cup loses its seal, which can happen for several reasons, such as insufficient pressure, improper placement of the cup, or excessive traction applied during the procedure.

When a pop-off occurs, it can hinder the progress of delivery, as the vacuum extractor relies on consistent suction to guide the fetus through the birth canal. This situation may lead to complications such as the need to reapply the vacuum or, in some cases, a switch to alternative delivery methods if multiple attempts to re-establish suction are unsuccessful. Understanding this concept is essential for practitioners to ensure effective and safe management during assisted deliveries.