What does the concept of justice in medical ethics refer to?

The concept of justice in medical ethics primarily refers to the fair and equitable distribution of healthcare resources and services. It underscores the principle that individuals, irrespective of their background, should receive equal access to medical care. This means that healthcare providers and systems are obliged to ensure that no individual or group is discriminated against and that all patients are treated with fairness in terms of the availability of services, treatment options, and respect for their needs.

Justice is often one of the key ethical principles alongside autonomy, beneficence, and non-maleficence. While doing no harm, providing care, and respecting self-determination are critical ethical considerations in medicine, they are not encapsulated by the principle of justice as effectively as the concept of equal service. The focus on equitable treatment ensures that healthcare disparities are addressed and that all patients have a right to receive care in a fair manner.