The risk of death and serious complications is associated with infusion of which type of hysteroscopic fluid?

The infusion of low viscosity fluids during hysteroscopy poses specific risks that could lead to significant complications, including death. Low viscosity fluids are typically absorbed quickly into the bloodstream. This rapid absorption can lead to a condition known as fluid overload or dilutional hyponatremia, where the electrolyte balance is disturbed due to the dilution of sodium in the blood. Such complications may result in serious cardiovascular or neurological issues.

In contrast, hypertonic solutions are more controlled in terms of volume and can increase osmotic pressure temporarily, but they do not carry the same rapid absorption risk. Cytotoxic agents, while potentially harmful, are used for specific therapeutic purposes and do not generally refer to standard hysteroscopic fluids. High viscosity fluids may pose risks associated with their ability to impede flow and create pressure but are less likely to result in immediate systemic complications compared to low viscosity fluids.

Understanding the properties of various fluids used during hysteroscopy is crucial for minimizing risks and improving patient safety, with low viscosity fluids consistently showing a higher association with severe complications when not managed properly. Thus, it is fundamental to practice caution in their use and be mindful of the potential adverse outcomes.