At what age does ACOG recommend beginning thyroid screening in women with risk factors or symptoms?

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommends that women with risk factors or symptoms of thyroid disease begin screening starting at age 19. This recommendation is based on the understanding that while thyroid dysfunction can occur at any age, the prevalence of thyroid disorders tends to increase with age, and early identification in younger women, especially those with specific risk factors, can lead to timely management and improved outcomes.

Risk factors for thyroid disease may include a personal or family history of thyroid disorders, autoimmune diseases, or previous treatment for thyroid issues. Starting screening at 19 allows for proactive monitoring and intervention if needed, which is crucial for women, particularly those who may become pregnant, as thyroid health plays a significant role in reproductive health and fetal development. Thus, screening at this age facilitates early detection and management of potential thyroid abnormalities.